Tindakan Pencegahan Penularan Penyakit Infeksi Pada Praktek Dokter Gigi

ABSTRACT

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in blood, saliva, and dental plaque can contamitnate the hands of dental health care personnel. These microorganisms can contaminate instruments, dental equipment adn other enviromental surfaces. Infection control includes the precautions necessary to protect the dentists, employees and patients from the spread of infectious diseases through the dental practices. Infection control procedures must be used for all patients and for all dental procedures. All instruments used in intra oral treatment must be sterilized. All surfaces and items touched by hands contaminated with saliva or blood that cannot be sterilized should be scrupulously cleaned and disinfected with and effective agent, as an alternative is to use protective covers which is impermeable to water.

Keywords : infection control, dental practice.

Resin modified glass-ionomers

Resin modified glass-ionomers: Strength, cure depth and translucency

Abstract
Background: According to the classification suggested by McLean, Wilson and Nicholson only three materials, currently marketed, fit the designation of resin modified glass-ionomers. These materials will undergo an acid/base setting reaction but also contain a limited quantity of a monomer that will polymerize as a result of irradiation. The quantity of polymer is limited to the extent that it will not interfere with the normal acid/base setting reaction and will therefore allow for the ion exchange adhesion with tooth structure that is typical of glass-ionomer. There is a third setting reaction incorporated to ensure remaining monomer, that is not affected by irradiation, will still polymerize. A series of experiments were carried out to determine the effect of the three types of setting reaction on the strength, depth of cure and translucency of these three materials.
Methods: Specimens, both with and without irradiation, were subjected to a shear punch strength test. To determine the depth of cure brought about through irradiation, specimens were tested immediately after construction according to the test in ISO – 4049 2000 (E). Translucency is clinically significant and will vary according to whether the material has been subjected to irradiation or cured through the acid/base reaction alone.
Results: The strength of all materials tested was higher in specimens subject to irradiation. The depth of cure was found to be both shade and irradiation time dependent. Irradiated specimens were found to be only marginally more translucent than those allowed to set without irradiation.
Conclusions: It was concluded that, for cavities more than 3mm deep, these materials should be placed incrementally to allow for a full irradiation initiated cure.
Key words: Resin modified glass-ionomer, shear punch strength, depth of cure, translucency.

Penyakit Periodontal dan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah

Abstract
Preterm delivery of low birth weight infants (PLBW) remains a significant public health issue and a leadingcause of neonatal death and long-term neurodevelopmental disturbances and health problems. Recent epidemiological and microbiological-immunological studies have siggested that periodontal disease may be an independent risk factor for PLBW. Postulated mechanisms include translocation of periodontal pathogens to the fetoplacental unit and action of a periodontal reservoir of lipopolysaccharides or inflammatory mediators. However, non-causal explanations for the correlation studies, will be necessary before periodontitis can be considered as a causal factor for PLBW.